Extrusion-machine.



D. L. SUMMEY.

EXTRUSION MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JANA, 1913'v 1,109,555, Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

6 SHEETSSHEET 1 D. L. SUMMEY.

EXTRUSION MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JANA, 1013.

Patented S63E11]. 1, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2 D. L. SUMME-Y.

EXTRUSION MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JANA, 1913.

1,109,555, Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

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D. L. SUMMEY.

EXTRUSION MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JANA, 191s.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

D. L. SUMMEY.

EXTRUSION MACHINE. AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA 3.

1,109,555, Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

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EXTRUSION MACHINE,

APPLICATION FILED JANA, 1913. 31G955 Patented. Sept. 1, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

UNITED STATES PnaENT QFFICE.

DAVID'L. SUM-HEY, OF WATERBUEY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO CHASE ROLLINGMILL 00., OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION.

EXTRUSION-MACHINE.

Specification. of LettersPstent.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, Devil) L. SUMMEY, acitizen of the United States, residing at YVaterbury, in the county ofNew Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Extrusion- Machines; and I do hereby declare thefollowing, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawin s andthe characters.

-' ing the sectional container in its assembled position. Fig. 5 abroken View in central, horizontal section, of the center of themachine, showing the sectional container mits disassembled position.Fig. 6 a broken view in vertical central section on the line (r -b ofFig. 1, showing the sectional container in its assembled position, andthe right-hand extrusion cylinder the pivotal right-hand ram of WllHlllis shown in its retired or billet-feeding position by broken lines.-Fig.

7 abroken view inzvertical. central section on the line o--d of Fig.Lshowing the mandrel cerryin and die'c'arrymg sections of a the sectionscontainer in their assembled positions. Fig. 8e broken view on the linee-f of. Fig. 1, lookin from left to right toward the left hand biletmeoeiving section of the sectional container and toward the left handcross-head in which the said container Section is; carried. Fig. 9 acorresponding view showing the several sections of the container intheir open or retired positions. Fig. 10 a view in vertical section onthe line 9- -72, of Fig. 1, showing the several sections of thesectional container in their assembled or closed positions. Fig. 11 acorresponding view showing the several sections of the sectionalcontainer in their disassembled or open positions. Fig. 12 a 12m view ofone form of single billet that may extrude in my machine. Fig. 13 a viewthereof in lon-- gitudinal central section on the line i-j of Fig. 12.Fig. 14 a view thereof in central cross section. Fig. 15 a broken VIGWOf thev machine in central horizontal section of the right and left handbillet-receiving membore, the die-holding member and the mandrel-holdingmember drawn to a larger scale than the corresponding parts shown inFig. 4 and showing the die and mandrel in operative positions, and therams advanced for the extrusion of the billets of metal.

My invention relates to animprtved machine for extruding metal tubes,rods and the like, the object being to produce amachine constructed withparticular reference to increased capacity for work, reduction in theamount of scrap, and ability to produce tubes and kindred forms oflarger diameter and greater length than has heretofore been possible.

I may here state that my present invention is an improvement .11 on, andrepresents an evolution of the -disc osure of United States Patent No;1,011,522 granted December 12,

1911, to the Chase Rolling Mill Company,

on my ap lication, I

With tiese ends in View, -m-y invention consists in a machine forextruding metal as will'be hereinafter described and pointed out in theclaims.

In carrying out my invention,- I employ a sectional container ofseparate poweroperated parts in place of the solid container heretoforeemployed in: machines of this character.

My improved sectional container consists, as herein shown, of a lefthand billet-receiving member 2, a'corresponding right handbillet-receiving chamber 3, a. die-holding member 4, and .acorresponding mandrelholding member 5. The billet-receiving members 2and 3 which have the members 4 'andli interposed between them, areformed with heavy circumferential retaining-ribs 6 adapting them to besolidly mounted by heavy, exteriorly threaded annular nuts'l', inrecessed cross heads 8 and 9 formed near their corners with large.circular openings 10 for the reception of massive tie rods or columns 11upon which the said cross-heads 8 nd 9 ride back and forth in assemblingand disassembling the sectional container.

' Forr'eciprocation upon thetie-rods 11, the

cross-head 8 is formed upon its upper and lower edges with integral lugs12 located diagonally op osite each other on a line passin j throug thecenter of the cross-head. These ugs 12 mount piston-rods 13 carryingpistons 14 operating in cylinders 15 fastened to the top and bottom ofthe maincasting 16 forming the core of the machine.

ater under pressure is admitted to the cylinders15 through pipes 17suitably con nected therewith. The said cross-head 9 is formed withcorresponding lugs 18 mountment of parts the billet-receiving sections 2and 3 of the sectional container are moved back "and forth in line witheach other, toward and away from the die-carrying section 4 and themandrel-carrying section 5 of the container which sections are movedtoward and away from each other in a line at a right angle to thealinement of the billet-receiving sections 2 and 3.

The die-holding container-section 4 is formed in its inner face with acentrally threaded recess 22 for the reception of a suitable die 23 theparticular form of which will depend upon the character of the productto be extruded. At its outer end the sec tion 4 is formed with athreaded recess 24 for the reception of the inner end of a hollowcoupling-spindle 25 passing outward through a cross-head 26 andreceiving upon its projecting threaded outer end, a nut 27 by means ofwhich the die-holding section 4 is firmlyY attached to the saidcross-head 26 which isforin'ed at its four corners withsockets 28""receiving four horizontally arranged tie-rods 29 the inner ends of'whichare supported upon the main-casting 16, and the outer ends of which aresupported in a frame 30 mounting the hydraulic cylinders 31 employed forreciprocating the diecarrying section 4. The said die-carrying section 4is also formed with a central discharge-passage 32 in line with the boreof the spindle 25 which latter opens into a discharge-pipe 33 the innerend of which is threaded into a nut 27, and the outer end of which issupported in any suitable manner in a frame, it being understood thatthe extruded product, whether tubular or solid, is discharged from themachine through the passage 32, the spindle 25 and the pipe 33. Thehydraulic cylinders 31 contain pistons 34 carried by the outer pistonrods 35, 35,

drawn from the cylinders ,31 through pipes 36, whereby the cross-headf26isireciprocated for moving the die-carrying member 4 of the containerinto and out ,of place.

The mandrel-carrying section 5 of the container is formed inits" innerface with a recess 37 having a concentric threaded counterbore for thereception of the mandrel 38 which willbe conformed in character to thedie 23. At its outer end the section 5 is formed with a central threadedopening 39 for the reception of the threaded lnner end of a hollowspindle 40, corresponding to the spindle 25 aforesaid, and passingoutward through a cross-head 41 corresponding to the cross-head 26. Thespindle 40 connects the section 5 with the cross-head 41 in the samemanner in which the spindle 25 connects the section 4 with thecross-head 26. As shown-in Fig. 7, the section 5 is formed with acentral opening 42 for the cooling of the mandrel, if that is desired.

The cross-head 41 is formed upon its four corners with sockets 43receiving four tierods 44 supported at their inner ends u on themain-casting 16 and entered at t eir outer ends into a frame 45 mountingtwo hydraulic cylinders 46 which correspond in every way to thecylinders 31 shown in Fig. 7. The cylinders 46 receive piston-rods 47corresponding to the piston-rods 35. The cylinders 46 have water underpressure admitted to, and withdrawn from them through pipes 48corresponding to the pipes 36 aforesaid. The'cylinders 46 are thusemplcyed for moving back and forth the crosshead 41 and hencethe'mandrel-carrying section 5 of the sectional container.

It will be understood from the foregoing that the billet-receivingcontainer-sections 2 and 3 are advanced into the main-casting 16 andretracted therefrom in line with each other, and that similarly thedie-receiving section 4 and the mandrel-receiving section 5 are advancedinto the main-casting 16-and retracted therefrom in a line at a rightangle to the line of movement of the billet-receiving container-sections2 and 3. The timing of the advance and retraction of the container parts2 and 3, and 4 and 5, will be described later on. After thesaid'sections 2 and 3, and 4 and 5, of the sectional container have beenhydraulically assembled, as described, in the main-casting" 16, heatedbillets are introduced into the outer ends of the billet-receivingcontainer sections 2 and 3 in any approved manner and by any approvedmechanism. After the billets have been positioned, the metal containedin them is extruded by subjecting their outer ends to pressure by meansof rams 49 and 50 which are simultaneously advanced from oppositedirections under tremendous hydraulic powen As shown, the rams 49 and 50are mounted at their outer ends in yokes 51 suspended at their upperends from pins 52 in the cross-heads 53 and. 54. The said cross-head 54(Figs. 4' and .6) slides upon the heavy tie-rods 11 upon which it ismoved forward y "by means of "a piston 55 bolted to its outer face andoperating in afcylinder 5b to which water under pressure is admitted'througlifa pipe 57 oentrallya plied to the outer end of the cylinder56.- or the retraction of the cross-head 54, and hence oat the rain 56,I emphty four retracting-rods 58 connected atftheir inner ends with thecross-head 54,;ifxid at their outer ends with yokes '59 mounting theouter ends of two 'ston-rods *66' operating in retracting-cylinfilers'61 mounted upon the outside oi the cylinder 56 and having water underpressure admitted vto them through pipes 62. The left hand ram 49corresponding to the right hand ram 50is mounted in a yoke 51 ivotallysuspended in vertical position i rom the iimenface of the saidcross-head 53 which corresponds in all respects .to the cross-head 54,and is operated in the same way by means of connections which dupli--cate the connections of the cross-head 54 and which are, therefore, notshown in full detail, but which comprise a heavy cylinder 63corresponding to the cylinder 56 and receiving a piston, not shown, butbolted to the cross-head 53 and operating to move the cross-head 53, andtherefore the ram 49, in ward upon the tie-rods 11 with great power. Thecross-head 53, and hence the ram 49, are retracted by means of fourtie-rods 64 connected at their inner ends with the said cross-head andat their outer ends with a yoke 65 mounting two pistons 66 enteringcylinders 67 corresponding to the cylinders 61 aforesaid. An inlet pipe68 corresponding to the pipe 57 admits water to the cylinders 63.

For the purpose of retiring the rams 49 and 50 to provide free access tothe outer ends oi the billet-receiving container sections 2' and 3, thesaid ramsare mounted, as has already described, in pivotal yokes 51. Forthe purpose of retiring the rams,

they have operating links so connected with .them, and withanyconvenient source of power, none being shown. By applying power tothe links 69, the yokes 51 will be swung into horizontal positions, asshown by broken linesin Fig. '6, causing the rams to be swag through aquarter circle, leaving' the space immediately adjacent to the enterends oi the containers Zand 3 and in line with the bores thereof, clearfor the and convenient handling of the heated biliets.

As shown, 4 provide for the actual insertion of the heated billets intothe containersec tions 2 and 3, two small auxiliarypistons 7 9' one ofwhich is shown in Fig. 6. This is mounted in the center or thecross-head 53 in line with the bore of the billet-receiving containersection 3, and extends into asinall cylinder 71 to which air underpressure is supplied by pipes 72, the said cylin (lots 71 being locatedcentrally within the piston 55 which is hollow. A heated billettemporarily supported in line with thebore of the container-section 3 ispushed into the same by the piston when air is admitted through one ofthe pipes 72 into the pnen matic cylinder 71. Just as soon as the billethas been pushed by the piston 70 into the container-section 2', thepiston 7 0 is withdrawn by the admission of air into the oppc'site endof the cylinder 71 after which the ram 49 is restored to its normalposition through the medium of its power link 69. It will be understood,of course, that the piston within the cylinder 63 on the epposite sideof the press also receives a prion- 2.1a tic cylinder for the o erationof a piston for pushing heated bil ets into the billet receivincontainer-section 2 in the manner descri In order that the rams 49 and50 may be adyanced at exactly the same speed, and that any tendency todepart from synchronism may be immediately corrected, I preferably, andas herein shown, employ two pairs of speed-controlling cylinders 73, 73,and 74, 74, which are exact duplicates of each other. The cylinders 73,7 3, are located on opposite sides of the cylinder 56 containing thepiston 55- employed to operate the crosshead 54 carrying the ram 50,while the cylinders 74, 74', are located on opposite sides "of thecylinder 63 employed to operate the cross-head 53 carrying the ram49.The two cylinders 73,78, are fur,- nished with, istons 75 mounted upiston-rods '76 tie forward ends ofw ich are connected withthe oppositesides of the (Poss-head '54 which "thus servcsto couple together thepistons 7 5 and tliepis'ton 55. Similarly the speed-controllingcylinders '74, 74, are furnished with pistons (not shown), butcorrespondin' to the pistons 75 and mounted upon? ton-rods 77 the innerends of which are connected with op' posite sides of the cross-head '53which thusv serves to couple togetherthe' pistons upon the rods 77 withthe piston within the cylinder'63. The outer ends of thespeed-controlling cylinders 73, 73, are connected by pipes 78 with theinner ends of the speed controlling cylinders 74, 74, while the. outerends of the said speed-controlling cylinders 74, 74, are connected bypipes '79 with the inner ends of the speed-controlling cylinders 73-,73. The pipes 78 and 79 are nor'- mally kept full of water which actsash;- solid connection between the said two pairs of speed-controllingcylinders and their pis tons. Now as the pistons 75 are coupled with themain piston 55 through the crossiio head 53, and as the pistons of therods 77 are coupled with the piston within the main cylinder 63 throughthe cross-head 53, the pistons 75 and their complementary pistons on thepiston-rods 77 must advance at ex-. actly the speed of the main piston55 and its complementary main-piston within the cylinder 63, which theycannot do unless the water displaced by the inward movement of thepistons 75 is precisely equal in amount to the amount of water displacedby the inward movement of the complementary pistons of the piston rods77, all of the speedcontrolling' cylinders and their pistons and rodsbeing of the same size. If, for any reason, one of the main rams 49 or50 meets with less resistance than the other, the tendency will be forit to move faster than the other. Thistendency, however, will beimmediately checked and corrected for the reason that the ram 49 meet,-

ing with less resistance, cannot move faster than the water in thespeed-controlling cylinders 73, 73, connected with it can be transferredto the outer ends of the complementary speed-controlling cylinders 74,74:, and this cannot take lace "untiLthe two speed-controlling cylin ers73 can be We lpared to accommodate the excess of water y the forwardmovement oftheirpistons 75. In other words, the water the pipes 78 and79, acts, as above stated, in effect as a solid, body to transfer energyfrom the main ram moving. too rapidly to the main ram moving too slowly,whereby the ram moving too rapidly receiving an excessive load is thuschecked in speed, while the other ram is accelerated in speed. In thisway, when one ram tends to gain in speed, the load is immediately putupon it which synchronizes it with the other ram, and vice versa. a

In order to keep the pipes 78 and 79 at all times filled with water, Iprovide them with waten-supply. check-valves 80 of any approvedconstruction, which automatically open to permit thewatertoflow into thesaid pipes to make up for any loss by evaporation or leakage, andautomatically close to prevent any escape of water during the closing ofthe .said apparatus. The said pipes are also provided with reliefcheckvalves 81 opening outwardly, but normally heldgclosed by apredetermined external water pressure equivalent to a maximum waterpressure above which it is designed that the pressure of water in thepipes 78 and 7 9 and in the cylinders 73 and 74 shall not be carried. Incase the water pressure .in the'said cylinders 73, 73, and 74, 74, and

pipes 73, 7 9,;passes this predetermined maximum pressure, ,the reliefcheck-valves 8t automatically; open outwardly and afi'ord elief. 2' Thereason ;why it is highly important that the main rams 4:9 and 50 shalladvance at a uniform speed is, that it is desirable that the two billetsin the billet-receiving container-sections 2 and 3 shall be extruded atuniform speeds so as to produce the highest quality of extruded Havingdescribed my improved machine, I will now proceed to set forth themethod of operating it in the production of extruded stock. i

In the first place, the valves controlling the hydraulic I cylindersoperating the die and mandrel container-sections 4 and 5 are manipulatedto cause the said sections to be advanced into their assembled positionsin the main-casting 16, as shown in Figs. 4 and 7. The valvescontrolling the cylinders 15 and 20 are now manipulated to cause thebillet-receiving container-sections 2 and 3 to be advanced into positionin the maincasting 16', the inner ends of the said -container-sections 2and 3 being at this time jammed home upon the opposite faces of the dieand mandrel holding container-sections 4 and 5, which are thus solidlyheld in place during the extrusion operation. The rams 49 and 50 arethen swung into their clearance or billet-feeding positions. Heatedbillets are now introduced into the machine and held in alinement withthe bores of the billet-receiving container-sections 2 and 3, while thepneumatic valves controlling the auxiliary billet-inserting pistons, 70are operated to cause the same to advance and push the billets into thesaid sections 2 and 3, as well as steel dummy blocks, so

i called, which follow the billets into the container during theextrusion process. The pistons 70 are now pneumatically retracted intotheir retired positions after which the rams l9 and 50 are swung backinto their operating positions as shown by full lines in Fig. 6. Thevalves admitting water back of the main piston 55 and its'complementarypiston in the cylinder 63 are howmanipulated to cause the said pistonsto move inward with great power, whereby the respective rams are enteredinto the respective container-sections 2 and 3 causing the metal of thebillets to be extruded around the mandrel 38 through the die 23 andexpelled from the machine through the passage 32, the spindle 25 and thedischarge-pipe 33. When all of the metal formin the mass of both billetshas been extrude leaving merely a small mass of unextruded metal aroundthe mandrel, and the dummy blocks aforesaid, the rams 49 and 50 are thenwithdrawn from the container-sections 2 and 3, and

moved into their retired positions by the proper manipulation of thevalves controlling the Water pressures in the cylinders 56 and 63. Thewater pressures in the two pairs of cylinders 15 and 20 is then releasedso as'to relieve the die and mandrel-holding peated,-Zaiid soon.

this operation, the stump or unextruded bit of metal, and both of thedummy blocks, will follow the die-holding container-section ito whichtheywill be attached by. the last end of the extruded tube, whichwill'be contained within the section a from which the stump dummy blocksmust now be cut or brolrsn away. In the ordinary operation oftheniachine it not be necessary to systematically retract thebillet-receiving containensectionsfl and 3 from the main-castingg-sinceit will sutlice, in ordinary practice, :to move them inward just enoughto clamp them upon the sections land 5 after the same have been movedinto position, and move-them outward just enough to relieve the saidsections 4 and 5 preparatory to the retraction thereof. However, themachine will at any. time be inreadinessfor the retraction'ot thesections 2 and-3 into the po sition imwhioh they areshown in Figs. 5 andHit tori any cause whateverthis shall seem =eitherfinecessary ordesirable. The cycle ot-cperations above detailed is new re- While myimproveo machine is primarily vdesig'ned; for the simultaneous extrusionof two billets .of equal length, as already described, it is alsoadapted to be advantageously fused as a single-billet machine. In such--use' of the machine I may employ a cylindrical billet and pierce thesame in the machine by means" of the mandrel, or I may employ a specialbillet pierced prior to its introduction into the machine which may beused without alternation for the extrusion of single billets pierced asaforesaid prior to introduction into the mach1ne,.

' means for moving the sa d sections into or thereafter.

In usin the machine as a single billet machine, t e container-sections 2and 3, as well as the die-holding and mandrel-holding sections 4 and 5will be moved into their retired positions as shown in Figs. 5 and 11,whereby the central portion of the main-casting will be left unoccupied.The single billet will then be introduced diagonally or otherwisemaneuvered into the main casting 16 from one side or the other thereof,and then swung into alinement with the bores of the container-sections 2and 3 which will then be advanced and sleevedover it, as it were. If thebillet is a solid billet, the container-sections will be advanced towardeach other nearly to the limit of their inward movement, but suficientlyshort of the same to permit the die-holding section 4 to be firstpositioned, after which the mandrel-holding section assembled andclearance will be moved into the main-casting for action in conjunctionwith the die-holding sections to pierce the billet after which thecontainer-section's 2 and 3 will have their inward stroke completed ,forclamping the die-holding and mandrel-supporting sections in place. Incase the single billet has been pierced prior to its introduction intothe machine, the method is the same except that the die-holding andmandrel-holding sections l and 5 of the container will besimultaneously, instead of successively. advanced. The advantage ofusing my improved machine as a single billet machine is, that it permitsthe use of single billets nearly as long as the total stroke of the tworams 49 and 50, and therefore substantially equal to the'length of bothbillets when the machine is used as a double billet machine. There aresome advantages attending the use of a single billet over two billets,particularly in connection with the subject of material, as somematerials extrude better than others. In case the billet is piercedprior to its introduction into the machine, it may be otherwise than uiform in cross-sectional form, and may takg some such shape as shown inFigs. 12, 13 and 14, in'which the billet 81 has correspondingcylindrical ends and an. enlarged perforated central portion 82.- v Iclaim:

1. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a sectional containercomprising several movable cooperative sections adapted to be assembledand disassembled, of means for moving the several sections of thecontainer toward each other into their extrusion positions and'away fromeach other in their clearance positions.

2. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a sectional, containercomprising two billet receiving sections, a die-holding section, and amandrel-holding section; and

their assembled and clearance positions.

3. In an extrusion machine, the combination with a skeleton main-castinghaving its opposite sides correspondingly recessed and formed with atransverse slot or open- 'openings of the casting, and a die-holding anda mandrel-holding section entering the transverse opening of thecasting, and means for moving the several sections into their ositions.

5. In an extrusion mac ine, the combination with a skeleton main-castinghaving recessed sides, and a transverse opening or slot, of a sectionalcontainer comprising two billet-receiving sections, and a dieholding andmandrel-holding section, two crossheads respectively fitting into therecessed sides of the main-casting and carrying the respectivebillet-receiving container-sections, means for operating the saidcross-heads means for carrying and operating the said die-holding andmandrel-holdinm sections which enter the opposite ends ofiihe transverseopening vor slot in the main-casting, and pressure rams arranged in linewith the bores of the said billet receiving container sections 6. In anextrusion machine, the combination with a main casting, of a sectlonalcontainer comprising a plurality of movable parts, means for moving theparts of the container into their assembled and clearance positions, anda hinged pressure ram adapted to be swung into a retired position forthe introduction of a heated billet into the container.

7. In an extrustion machine, the combination with amain casting, of asectional container comprising two billet-receiving-container-sections,means for synchronously moving the said container-sections toward eachother into their cooperation extrusion positions and away from each'other into their stump-extrusion and charging positions, and two movableressure rams adapt ed to be retired for the introduction of heatedbillets into the respective billet-receiving container sections.

8.- In an extrusion machine, the combination with amain casting, of asectional container the parts of which are movable into and out of thesaid casting, and includin two billet-receiving container-sections, antwo hinged pressure-rams adapted to be swung into retired positions forthe intropressure rams, cross-heads upon which the.

said rams are pivotally mounted, hydraulic pistons for operating thesaid cross-heads, and pistons located within the main pistons in linewith the said rams for pushing heat ed billets into sections of thecontainer when the rams are swung into retired positions.

10. In an extrusion machine, the combination witha skeletonmain-casting, of a sectional container the parts of which are adapted tobe assembled in thesaid casting and congarising two billet-receivingsections and'a ie-holding and a mandrel-holding section, two main rams,movable cross-heads with which the said rams are pivotally connected,main pistons for the operation of the said cross-heads and rams, andpneumatic pistons located within the main pistons in position to pushthe heated billets into the billet-receiving container-sections when,the rams are swunginto their billet feeding positions.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

DAVID L. vSUMMEY.

Witnesses:

CLARA L. WEED, Gnonon D. SEYMOUR.

